A page view records a visit. An engaged article visit records at least 30 seconds with the page visible and progress through at least 75% of the article. These are reading signals, not proof that a visitor read or understood every word.
Repeat visits count. These totals do not measure unique people. Known bots and signed-in editor visits are excluded; browsers requesting Do Not Track do not send reading events. Counts begin when measurement is enabled and are not reconstructed for earlier visits.
The optional article poll asks whether a publication helped readers understand its topic. It reports all-time responses separately from visits. A browser receipt prevents repeat submissions from that browser; devices and cleared browser storage can produce additional responses. This is voluntary feedback, not a representative survey.
No names, email addresses, IP addresses or cross-site identifiers are stored in these readership and feedback records. A poll receipt is stored in your browser only when you respond. The server retains an article-specific hash for duplicate prevention, the response choice and the date.